Hydroponics for commercial grows

Commercial Hydroponics

Commercial hydroponic systems grow crops without soil at facility scale. A typical setup pairs benches or RDWC rows with drip irrigation, automated nutrient dosing and clean RO water. Start with how you grow, then size each part to your room.

Updated November 2026

  • Help planning benches, irrigation and dosing
  • Commercial and volume pricing
  • The Netafim, Dosatron and CM Horticulture lines in one place

Commercial hydroponic equipment our growers buy

Which commercial hydroponic system fits your grow?

Start with your growing method and your biggest limit. Each card jumps to the system that fits.

Best pick: drip on benches

Rockwool or coco in a flower room

Most large indoor grows run drip irrigation into rockwool or coco on benches. Each plant gets the same feed, and you control dryback with shot size and timing.

See drip irrigation →

Best pick: rolling benches

Floor space is your limit

Rolling benches slide together so you keep one moving aisle instead of an aisle beside every bench. More of the floor becomes canopy.

See rolling benches →

Best pick: RDWC

Fast growth in water

Recirculating deep water culture keeps roots in moving, oxygenated solution. It grows fast but needs cool water and steady monitoring.

See RDWC systems →

Best pick: injectors or a fertigation system

Mixing by hand takes too long

Injectors pull from concentrate tanks and dose every gallon at a set ratio. Controllers add EC and pH targets, zones and logs.

See nutrient dosing →

Best pick: reverse osmosis

Hard or changing source water

RO strips out most dissolved salts, so every batch starts from the same clean baseline and your feed recipe behaves the same all year.

See RO systems →

Best pick: chiller plus oxygen

Warm reservoirs or root problems

Warm water holds less oxygen and favors root rot. A chiller sized to your reservoir, plus air or oxygen injection, keeps roots healthy.

See chillers →

Commercial hydroponic equipment by system

Most facilities combine several of these. Green items are built for commercial scale; orange items also work well in the right setup.

  • Built for commercial scale
  • Also works at scale

Built for commercial scale

Rolling, track and stationary benches

Best forGreenhouses and indoor rooms growing in trays, rockwool or containers

Benches lift plants to working height and hold the trays that catch runoff. Rolling benches shift sideways on pipes, so a room needs one open aisle instead of many. Track benches go further: whole benches move along floor rails, so long rows share a single aisle. CM Horticulture builds rolling, track and stationary benches to your width, length, height and tray type.

Floor used, rolling
Up to ~90%
Fixed benches
~50-70%
Sizes
Built to order

Choose it when

  • You want more plants in the same room
  • You need trays that drain to a return or to waste

Pick something else if

  • You grow in buckets on the floor (see RDWC)

Shop Rolling, track and stationary benches

Shop all benches and stands →

Also works at scale

Flood tables and grow trays

Best forEbb and flow, propagation and container crops on benches

Flood tables fill with nutrient solution, soak the root zone, then drain back to the reservoir. The same trays sit on benches as drain trays for drip systems. Botanicare and Active Aqua trays come in standard 4x4, 4x8 and rack sizes.

Method
Flood, then drain
Water
Recirculates
Common size
4 x 8 ft

Choose it when

  • You grow many small plants or clones
  • You want one tray that works for flood or drip

Pick something else if

  • Disease spread is a worry: shared water moves it plant to plant

Built for commercial scale

Recirculating deep water culture (RDWC)

Best forLarge plants grown in water with fast vegetative growth

Plants sit in net pots above linked buckets or tanks. A pump moves oxygenated solution through every site and back to a control bucket, so you check and adjust one reservoir for the whole row.

Water temp
65-68°F
Medium
Water + net pots
Check
Daily EC, pH, temp

Choose it when

  • You want fast growth and no media to buy or dispose of
  • You can keep water cool and monitor daily

Pick something else if

  • Your room runs warm and you have no chiller
  • You want each plant isolated from the others

Built for commercial scale

Commercial drip irrigation

Best forRockwool, coco and soil grows of any size

A pump pushes feed through mainline and dripline to an emitter at each plant. Pressure-compensating emitters deliver the same flow at the start and end of a long row. A filter ahead of the zone keeps emitters from clogging.

Emitters
Pressure-compensating
Filtration
120 mesh typical
Feed
Recirculate or drain

Choose it when

  • You grow in rockwool, coco or containers
  • You want each plant fed the same amount

Pick something else if

  • You grow in water with no media (see RDWC)

Built for commercial scale

Nutrient dosing and fertigation

Best forAny grow feeding more than a few hundred gallons a week

A commercial nutrient program runs on concentrate tanks and injectors instead of hand-mixed batches. Water-powered injectors such as Dosatron dose a set ratio into every gallon. Fertigation systems and controllers add EC and pH targets, zones and data logs.

Dosatron range
0.2-2% (1:500-1:50)
Power
Water flow (Dosatron)
Tanks
A and B kept apart

Choose it when

  • Hand mixing takes hours each week
  • You want the same EC in every zone

Pick something else if

  • You feed one small room by hand and it works

Built for commercial scale

Reverse osmosis water systems

Best forHard, salty or changing source water

RO pushes water through a membrane that holds back most dissolved salts. Carbon and sediment filters ahead of it remove chlorine and grit that would damage the membrane. Commercial units are sized in gallons per day.

Salt removal
~95-99%
Rated at
77°F feed water
Sized by
Gallons per day

Choose it when

  • Your tap or well water is high in EC, sodium or alkalinity
  • You want the same starting water every batch

Pick something else if

  • Your source water is already low in salts. Test it first

Built for commercial scale

Water chillers and dissolved oxygen

Best forRDWC, recirculating systems and warm rooms

Cool water holds more oxygen and slows root disease. Chillers hold the reservoir at a set temperature. Oxygen concentrators and nanobubble generators raise dissolved oxygen beyond what air stones can reach.

Target
65-68°F
Oxygen at 68°F
~9 mg/L max
Oxygen at 80°F
~8 mg/L max

Choose it when

  • Your reservoir runs above 70°F
  • You grow in RDWC or recirculate feed

Pick something else if

  • You run drain-to-waste drip in a cool room

Built for commercial scale

Rockwool slabs and grow media

Best forDrip-fed flower rooms and greenhouse crops

Rockwool slabs hold water and air in a steady ratio, so growers can steer plants with irrigation timing. Blocks go on top of slabs to transplant without disturbing roots. Coco is the main alternative and also drains well.

Fed by
Drip emitters
Format
Cube, block, slab
Alternative
Coco

Choose it when

  • You run drip irrigation
  • You want precise control of dryback

Pick something else if

  • You grow in RDWC (no media needed)

Commercial hydroponic systems compared: drip, RDWC, ebb and flow

Comparison of commercial hydroponic methods by media, water use, disease risk, labor and best use
MethodMediaWater useDisease riskLaborBest for
Drip into rockwool or cocoRockwool, cocoLow with drain-to-wasteEach plant separateLow (automated)Most flower rooms
RDWCWater onlyVery lowShared waterDaily checksFast vegetative growth
Ebb and flow tablesCubes, potsLowShared waterLowClones, small plants

General guidance from university extension research. Your crop, room and team matter more than the method.

What does a 1:100 injector ratio mean?

An injector ratio is the share of concentrate in the finished solution. At 1:100, every 100 gallons of feed contain 1 gallon of concentrate, or 1 percent. Use the table to turn a ratio into ounces or milliliters per gallon, then set your stock tank strength to hit your target EC.

RatioPercentConcentrate per gallon
1:502%2.56 oz (75.7 mL)
1:1001%1.28 oz (37.9 mL)
1:2000.5%0.64 oz (18.9 mL)
1:5000.2%0.26 oz (7.6 mL)

Dosatron injection ranges from Dosatron product specifications. Per-gallon amounts are our math (1 gallon = 128 oz = 3,785 mL).

  • 1:1001% concentrate
  • 0.2-2%Dosatron D14MZ2 range
  • A + BSeparate stock tanks
Open the nutrient mixing calculator

Tools & guides

Commercial hydroponics: common questions

What is a commercial hydroponic system?

It's a soilless growing setup built to run a whole facility, not one tent. Plants grow in rockwool, coco or water on benches or in linked tanks. Pumps, injectors and controllers deliver feed automatically, and water treatment keeps the solution consistent. Most commercial systems combine benches, drip or RDWC, nutrient dosing and RO water.

Which commercial hydroponic system is best: drip, RDWC or ebb and flow?

Drip into rockwool or coco is the most common choice for large flower rooms. Each plant is fed separately, so one sick plant doesn't infect the rest. RDWC grows fast but needs cool water and daily checks. Ebb and flow suits clones and smaller plants. Pick the one your team can run every day.

What equipment do I need to start a commercial hydroponic farm?

Start with water, then feed, then the growing system. Most farms need an RO system and reservoirs, a nutrient injector or fertigation system, pumps and drip irrigation or RDWC, benches and trays, and grow media. Add lighting, climate control and monitoring. Our team can quote the full list from your floor plan.

Do I need reverse osmosis water for commercial hydroponics?

Not always, but most commercial growers use it. Test your source water first. If it's high in salts, sodium or alkalinity, or changes through the year, RO removes most of it so every batch starts the same. Low-salt water may only need sediment and carbon filtering to remove grit and chlorine.

How do I automate a commercial nutrient program?

Mix concentrates in separate A and B stock tanks and dose them with injectors. Calcium and phosphate or sulfate can react and settle out if mixed strong, so they stay apart until diluted. Water-powered injectors like Dosatron dose a set ratio. Fertigation controllers add EC and pH targets, zones and logs.

Are rolling benches worth it in a commercial grow?

Usually, yes, when floor space limits your plant count. Fixed benches need an aisle beside each one, so often only 50 to 70 percent of the floor grows plants. Rolling benches share one moving aisle and can push that to about 90 percent, extension studies show. Use our bench layout planner to compare layouts.

Planning a commercial build-out?

Send us your floor plan, crop and water test. We'll suggest benches, irrigation, dosing and water treatment, then quote the full system.

Sources

  1. NC State Extension (Bartok): Movable benches
  2. Oklahoma State Extension HLA-6703: Greenhouse floors and benches
  3. Cornell CEA (Albright et al. 2005): commercially viable CEA spinach production, root temperature and Pythium
  4. USGS DOTABLES: dissolved oxygen solubility by water temperature
  5. Netafim Microdrip product sheet: recommended filtration 130 micron / 120 mesh
  6. Dosatron D14 hydroponic dosing pump: 0.2-2% water-powered injection
  7. Penn State Extension (2026): calculating a hydroponic nutrient solution recipe, separate A and B stock tanks
  8. Texas A&M AgriLife: treating irrigation water (reverse osmosis)
  9. UMass Extension (Cox): subirrigation for greenhouse crops